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Vespula austriaca
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''Vespula austriaca'' is an obligate parasitic wasp, parasitizing the nests of other species in the genus ''Vespula''. Its common host species include ''V. acadica'' in the United States and ''V. rufa'' in Europe, Japan, and East Siberia. It is sometimes called the cuckoo yellowjacket wasp due to its inquiline lifestyle.〔 ''V. austriaca ''wasps pollinate orchids. They differ from other parasitic wasps in their intensely aggressive behavior during invasion and occupation of the host colony.〔 Several morphological adaptations such as bigger body parts and more curved sting shafts are observed in these wasps to aid their aggressive parasitic behavior.〔 Once they occupy a host's nest, ''V. austriaca'' are known to engage in mauling and chasing of host workers and forced trophallaxis.〔〔 Larvae will feed on spiders and other insects.〔 Female wasps will also force host workers to feed and take care of their brood .〔
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
''Vespula austriaca'' is a member of the family Vespidae. The genera ''Vespula'' and ''Dolichovespula'' are thought to be closely related and are considered sister groups. Their similarities include absences of strong seta on third segment of labial palpuls, smaller scutal lamella, and a characteristic twisted pedicel in embryo nests. Furthermore'', Vespula vulgaris ''is similar to ''V. austriaca'' and is considered a sister species. Parasitism of ''V. austriaca'' is an autapomorphy.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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